### Optional arguments like `\``section`

Optional arguments, in macros defined using `\``newcommand`, don’t quite work like the optional argument to `\``section`. The default value of `\``section`’s optional argument is the value of the mandatory argument, but `\``newcommand` requires that you ‘know’ the value of the default beforehand.

The requisite trick is to use a macro in the optional argument:

>     \documentclass{article}
>     \newcommand\thing[2][\DefaultOpt]{%
>       \def\DefaultOpt{#2}%
>       optional arg: #1,  mandatory arg: #2%
>     }
>     \begin{document}
>     \thing{manda}% #1=#2

>     \thing[opti]{manda}% #1="opti"
>     \end{document}

LaTeX itself has a trickier (but less readily understandable) method, using a macro `\``@dblarg`; inside LaTeX, the example above would have been programmed:

>     \newcommand\thing{\@dblarg\@thing}
>     \newcommand\@thing[2][\@error]{%
>       optional arg: #1,  mandatory arg: #2%
>     }

In that code, `\``@thing` is only ever called with an optional and a mandatory argument; if the default from the `\``newcommand` is invoked, a bug in user code has bitten...

This question on the Web: http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=oarglikesect